Monday, 18 June 2012

Random Thoughts from MeinKampf


Some Random Thoughts from Mein Kampf

Volume-1 (A Retrospect)
          I have few books in my wish list, which I will read in course of my life journey. The habit of reading book is thriving in me, in the recent past. I started hitting my wish list. Here I am writing this to share some thoughts from EVIL GENIUS Adolf Hitler’s MEIN KAMPF. Really, it is an awesome book.  All above being an autobiography, it speaks on various subjects. More often Hitler speaks in-depth of political struggle.

From Chapter-1: In the home of my parent
          While talking about his father, He explained the stubborn attitude of his father even in an arduous struggle. The lines as following
“With the tenacity of one whom misery & trouble had already made old when only half-way through his youth the young man of seventeen obstinately set out on his new project and struck to it until he won through”

“Thus he was able to fulfill the promise he had made as a poor boy not to return to his native village until he was somebody”

          Following this he talks on his Random Interests.  He had interest on painting, Architecture, History, Politics…etc. In the following lines, he explains the methodology to study history.
“To study history means to search for and discover the forces that are the causes of those results which appears before our eyes as historical events”
          He defines the term politics as Contemporary historical event.
“I will not ‘learn’ politics but let politics teach me”


From Chapter-2: Years of study & Suffering in Vienna
          After his mother’s death, his fate was made him to stay at Vienna. A month before his mother’s illness, he took an entrance exam for the Academy of fine Arts. Although they refused him to be a student of School of Painting, his aptitude towards architecture was been recognized. Hitler quote here be describing Vienna as a living memory of the saddest past.
“Obstacles are placed across our path in life, not to be boggled at but to be surmounted”

The Hungry stomach teaches many lessons. In that way Hitler had learned many things at Vienna while searching some unskilled labor to earn his daily bread.
“Honest work never disgraced anybody, no matter what kind it may be”
The fundamental deficiencies in our economic & cultural life are reasons for the degradation of the Individuals. Hitler stressed upon this to be eliminated.
“When the individual is no longer burdened with his own consciousness of blame in this regard the and only then will he have that inner tranquility & outer force to cut off drastically & ruthlessly all the parasite growth & root out this weed.”
Nationalizing the people & education: Hitler had a broad idea on almost every topic. It is very apt to call him an ‘Evil Genius’. In this chapter he stress upon the roll of education in nationalizing the people. He put forward an idea of nationalizing a people is first & foremost one of establishing healthy social condition. He insist the education must inculcate in the individual a knowledge of cultural, economic, and all above political greatness of his country. This will make citizen to feel proud of his country. The following lines explain the reason
“I can fight only for something that I love. I can love only what I respect. And in order to respect a thing I must at least have some knowledge of it”
Hitler had many question regarding social & political issues. In order to get answer for them, he started reading as many books that dealt with those topics, as an obligation the interest on politics started blooming in him. He points two chief purpose of reading books
1.     In responds to higher human aspiration.
2.     To get general knowledge of the world.
Hitler express in his lines
“Each little piece of knowledge thus gained must be treated as if it were a little stone to be inserted in to a mosaic, so that it finds it proper place among all the other piece and particle that help to form a general world picture in the brain of the reader.”
In the remaining part of this chapter Hitler started looking depth in to the political milieu. He brings in different views on Trade union, Jews part in political controversies, Social democrats. Hitherto he used to pass through the mighty cities astonishing at the architectural work but now he started scrutinizing the human being. The milieu kept him aloof of Jews. He look at the playing a leadership role in social democracy which was a reason for numerous political controversies. He saw many Jews played a part in the social phenomenon of prostitution & White slave traffic. He looked at them as filth carries.
I don’t want to scrutinize in to the nature & character of one particular community. This chapter some insight value from Hitler, I am not sure will this serve to judge the Jews but it will be serving us in many ways through our journey. He describes the purpose of trade union is to defend the social right of employee but it had been used as a political instrument by the party in class struggle. The following lines explain the true human nature.
“I found it difficult to understand how men who always had reasonable ideas when they spoke as individuals with one another suddenly lost this reasonableness the moment they acted in the mass.”

From Chapter-3: Political Reflections Arising Out of My Sojourn in Vienna
          In this chapter, Hitler gives different attributes of political parties and reason for their failure. It can be said this chapter is in particular for the political aspirants. He provides huge insight values for them.  He stress upon some criteria to be attained by one before entering politics. He says one must acquire general ideas & fit them together so as to form an organic structure of personal thought or outlook of life – a weltanschauung.
          Hitler says unequipped political life results in wrong stand on essential question which in turn affect himself to abandon his position or else make him to stick to it against his wisdom. Following this he says about the breakdown of Habsburg Empire, the influence of western Democracy and nobleness of the self-government by the people. He has written about the conditions of the parliament house, the following lines express his view on this institution.
“Up to that time I had believed that the disastrous deficiencies of the Austrian parliament were due to the lack of a German majority, but now I recognized that the Institution itself was wrong in its very essence & form.”
          He says the institution is primarily responsible for the crowd inrush of mediocre people into the field of politics.
“Man who is endowed with real qualities of leadership will be tempted to refrain from taking part in political life; because under these circumstance the situation does not call for a man who has capacity for constructive statesmanship but rather for a man who is capable for constructive favor of the majority. Thus the situation will appeal to small minds & will attract them accordingly”
In his point, another drawback of parliament house is “Majority”. Whenever important decision is to be made our politicians hide themselves comfortably behind the backs of so called “Majority”. The intellectual skill plays least role in this process. This will be the main reason why politics seems abhorrent to men of character, courage & diligent. He express in this line.
“The most important economic measures are submitted to a tribunal in which not more than one-tenth of the members have studied the elements of economics”
He further says
“Nobody will have the courage to say: Gentleman, I am afraid we know nothing about what we are talking about. I for one have no competency in the matter at all”
…….
“In certain circles honesty is taken as an Index of Stupidity”
          In the remaining part of this chapter, He express few points attribute to the wreck of pan German party in Austria and followed by the marvelous progress & failure of Christian socialist party. The reason for the failure of both pan German & Christian socialist party is quite opposite. The leaders of Pan German lack in the social perspective & they didn’t grasp the significance of truth whereas the Christian Social party had an “international” sense in their feeling but they paid too little heed to the social problem.
          At the end of this chapter, Hitler provides us a metaphor, explaining how one should act to reach his goal.
“An alpine climber who never loses sight of the peak he wants to reach, who has set out with the great determination & energy, but pays no attention to the road beneath his feet. With his eye always fixed firmly on the goal, he does not think over or notice the nature of the ascent & finally he fails.”


TO BE UPDATE

Tuesday, 17 April 2012

12th FYP Approach


12th Five Year Plan Approach
(CLASSROOM for Students)
Planning commission clearance: 20th Aug 2011
Approval: 16th Sep 2011
Aim:
       i.            Second generation economic reform
     ii.            Improving Governance
  iii.            Raise Annual Growth 9+
For approval form NDC: Oct 15-16
Emphasis:
       i.            Inclusive growth
     ii.            Governance
  iii.            Corruption
CLASSROOM:
Planning Commission
1930’s
Rudimentary economic planning first began under British Raj
1938
Planned Economy of India” book by Sir M.Visvesvarayya
-
Planning Committee was set up by Subhash Chandra bose and chaired by Jawaharlal Nehru.
1944
Industralist  & economist formulated 4 development plans.
1944-46
Planning board under Colonial Government of India
15th march 1950
Planning commission directly reporting to PM of India
(Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru as its chairman)
Currently
PM – Dr.Manmohan Singh
Ex-Officio Chairman
Mr. Motek Singh Aluwaliah
Nominated Deputy Chairman (Cabinet Rank)

CLASSROOM:
National Development Council
1)    Planning commission works under the guidance of the National Development Council.
2)    The highest deciding body for planning in India.
3)    Formed in: 1953 (To associate states in the formulation of Plan)
4)    Sarkaria Commission on Centre-State Relations recommended the NDC a Constitutional status (Under Article 263, Constitution of India)
5)    Members:
Prime Minister of India
All Union Cabinet Ministers
Chief Ministers/ Administrators of all States & UTs
Members of Planning Commission.
Five Year Plan in India
FYP
Duration
(Priority)
Important Achievement / Emphasis
GDP
Target
Achieved
1st
1951-56
(Agri)
By Pandit J Nehru
(based onHorrod Dowar’s Model)
-   Bhakra Dam & Hirakud Dam
-   1956- five IITs started
-   University Grant Commission setup
Development  Programme
1) Community Development Program (1952) – Overall development of rural area with people’s participation
2.1%
3.6%
2nd
1956-61
(Industry)
Based on Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis
- Hydroelectric power project & 5 Steel Plant at Bhilai, Durgapur, Rourkee
- Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) formed in 1948 under Homi J. Bhabha
- Tata Institue of Fundamental Research (TIFR) established
- Talent Search & Scholarship program started in 1957.
Development  Programme
1) Intensive Agriculture Development Program (1960-61)– To Provide Loan, Seed, Fertilizer, Tools to the farmers
4.5%

3rd
1961-66
(Agri)
- Improved Wheat Production (Punjab)
- State Electricity Board setup
- State Transportation Corporation formed
- State Secondary Education board formed
Failed FYP – Reasons
1.     Sino-India War 1962
2.     Indo-Pak War 1965-66
3.     Bad Monsoon 1965
5.6%
2.2%
-
1966-69
Plan holiday /  3 Annual plans
-         2 successive years of Draught
-         Devaluation of Currency
-         Erosion of Plan resources
-
-
4th
1969-74
Indira Gandhi Government
- 14 Banks Nationalized
- Green Revolution advanced Agriculture
War & Defence
- Indo-Pak war 1971 & Bangladesh Liberation war.
- Smiling Buddha underground nuclear test 1974 (in response to US deployment of seventh fleet in Bay of Bengal)
5.7%
3.3%
5th
1974-79
-   Electricity Supply Act 1975
-   Indian National Highways System introduced
Emergency Clamed in 1977
-         Indira Government down
-         New Government Moraji Desai
-         Rejected the 5th FYP in 1978
Development  Programme
1)    20 Point program introduced (1975)-Poverty Eradication and raising the standard of living.
2)    Food for work (1977-78)

4.4%
5.0%
-
1979-80
Plan Holiday / Annual Plan
Development  Programme
1)    National Rural Employment Programme (1980)

-
-
6th
1980-85
- First success of Mahalanobis Heavy Industrialization strategy.
-  End of Nehruvian Plan and Rajiv Gandhi become PM
- Family Planning was introduced.

5.2%
5.4%
7th
1985-90
-  Growth of Agri, controlled inflation, Favorable Balance of Payment.
1) Council for Advancement of People’s Action & Rural (1986)
2) Self Employment for urban Poor (1986)
3) Jawahar Rozgar Yojana (1989) – to overcome Rural unemployment
4) Nehru Rozgar Yojana (1989)- to overcome Urban unemployment
5.0%
5.7%
-
1990-92
Plan Holiday/ 2 Annual Plans
- Due to Changing Political Situation
- Economic Instability
- Crisis in Foreign Exchange Reserve (1991) (approx. $1bn)
-
-
8th
1992-97
(Energy)
12th PM Mr.P.V.Narasimha Rao  & Finance Minister Dr. Manmohan Singh
(Rao & Manmohan Model of Economic Development)
-         India’s Free Market Reform
-         Beginning of Privatization & liberalization
-          Modernization of Industries
-         India become member of WTO (1st Jan 1995)
Development  Programme
1)    Employment Assurance Scheme (1993) – employment for atleast 100days in a year
5.6%
6.78%
9th
1997-2002
(Agri / Rural Develop)
Formulated amidst the backdrop of India’s Golden jubilee of Independence.
Development  Programme
1)    Swaran Jayanti Shahri Rozgar Yojana (1997) - gainful employment / self-employment.
2)    Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (2000)
3)    Sampurna Gram Rozgar Yojana (2001)

6.5%
5.35%
10th
2002-07
-   To make India faster growing Economy
Development  Programme
1)    National Food for work Programme (2004)
2)    Rural Employment Guarantee Yojana (2005-06)

7.9%
7.7%
11th
2007-12

GDP-
          Gained to 7.4% (2009-10)from 6.7%(2008-09)
Agriculture-
            4% growth (mid-term review)
Manufacturing-
            Regained to 10.8%(2009-10) from 3.2% (2008-09 Financial Crisis)
Health-
(Public Expenditure in Health = 1% of GDP)
-          Accredited Social Health Worker under NRHM
-         Incentive under Janani Suraksha Yojana


Development  Programme
1)    National Policy on Rehabilitation and Resettlement (2007)
2)    Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana(2007)
3)    Ujjawala (2007) - Prevention of Trafficking.
4)    Swabhimaan (2011) – Financial Inclusion
5)    Bachat Lamp Yojana (2009)
6)    Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission (2010)
8-10%


CLASSROOM:
Inclusive growth
Definition:
        The Rapid process of growth necessary for substantial Poverty elevation, It is pro-poor economic growth.
RBI Initiatives:
ü General Credit Card (GCC)
ü RBI setup – Khan Committee (2004)
ü Financial Inclusion – first featured in 2005 – Pilot project in UT of Pondicherry by K.C.Chakrabarthy (Chairman, Indian Bank)
ü Mangalam (First Village in India – all household provided with banking facility)
ü RBI – june 2010 – all banks to formulate Financial Inclusion Plan (FIP) along with their Business plan.
Ambitious plan to cover village having population above 2000 to have banking facility by 31st march, 2012.
Micro Finance Institution Intiatives:
ü MFI programs are intended to reach poor section of people.
ü National bodies like SIDBI & NABARD – devoting time and financial resources to MFIs.
ü MFI (Development & Regulation) Bill, 2011
o  To advice the central Government on formulation of polices, schemes, to promote Financial Inclusion.
o  Members:
                                                                                           i.      Chairperson – eminent person with banking experience.
                                                                                         ii.      Members – 2 officers – Rank of joint Secretary (Ministry of finance & Ministry of Rural Development)
                                                                                      iii.      Member – officer – Rank of ED from Reserve Bank.
                                                                                      iv.      Member – officer – Rank of ED from SIDBI
                                                                                         v.      Member – officer – Rank of ED from National Bank
                                                                                      vi.      Member – officer – Rank of ED from National Housing Bank
                                                                                    vii.      Other Members – Less than 6 – at least 2 women – with experience in banking, MFI, Rural  Credit.
C.Rangarajan Committee on Financial Inclusion:
ü  Set up by Government of India
ü  Reported in Jan/2008
ü Recommendation
o   National Rural Financial Inclusion Plan (NRFIP)
o   To provide access to Comprehensive Economic Service
                                                                                  i.         50% of the financial excluded rural cultivator by 2012
                                                                                ii.         Remaining household to be covered by 2015
ü Two funds with NABARD
Financial Inclusion Promotion & Development fund (FIPD)
Farmer’s service Centre
Self Help Group
Promoting Rural Entrepreneurship
Developing HR of Banks
Promotion of Resource Centre
Financial Inclusion Technology Fund (FITF)
Funding of  Low cost Technology Solution



1.     Agriculture
2.     Investment & Saving Requirement


10th plan
11th plan
12th Target
For Scenario of Inflation (Avg)


4.5 -5
5 – 5.5
Invest (in GDP)
31.8%
36.4%
38.5%
41.4%
Result (Growth)
7.8%
8.2%
9%
9.5%
3.     Financing Public Sector plan

Gross Budgetary Support (GBS)
11th plan: 4.92
12th plan: 5.75
REASONS for the limited scope (i.e. increase only around 1.5)
Net Tax Revenue
7.4 (2011-12)
­8.91 (2016-17)
Non Tax  Revenue
1.4
¯0.88
Non Debt Capital Receipt (Disinvestment)

¯
Fiscal Deficit
4.6%
¯3%
Aggregate Resource for Centre
14.01%
¯13.11%

4.     Energy Efficiency in Building
Ø Energy Efficiency Mission – avoided generation capacity of 7500MW (first four years of 11th FYP)
Ø Energy Efficiency in Building & Industries
ECBC – National Energy Conservation Building Code
ESCO – Energy Service Company
467 Industries of 8 Sector – Designated Consumer – 35% of Total
Tradable Energy Saving Certificate
Ø Residential Lighting:
a)     Bachat Lamp Yojana(BLY) à CFL to household
b)    Carbon Credits for Investor
Investor in Local Region
¯
CDM project under POA
¯
Investor gets Carbon Credits
CDM
Clean Development Mechanism
POA
Program of Activities

CLASSROOM:
Bachat Lamp Yojana (BLY)
ü    The Aim to replace Incandescent Lamps in households with Energy efficient CFL (by providing CFL @ the cost of Incandescent lamp). The cost difference will be covered by the sale of CER (Certified emission rights) under the CDM (Clean Development Mechanism) of Kyoto protocol.
ü   Program by Government of India
ü   Implemented through BEE (Bureau of Energy Efficient) under Ministry of Power.
ü   One CER is equivalent to one tonne of carbon-di-oxide (tCO2e).
ü   BLY program implemented from February 2009.


Ø Oil & Natural Gas
o   Import component of Domestic Oil Consumption = 77%
o   Import component of Domestic NG consumption = 19%
Ø Power
100 GW capacity creations (28GW to be completed within 11th plan)
Ø Coal - (900 – 1000 mT)
Ø Renewable Energy:
o   National Solar Mission – 22k MW (by 2020)
o   C-WET – Wind Potential – 49k MW
o   By 2019
Cost of Solar electricity generation = Electricity by coal generation.
 (Currently: Solar power cost = 6 times thermal power)

5.     Managing the Environment
Ø The study of Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity (TEEB)
Ø Treatment, Storage & Disposal Facilities for hazardous waste management (TSDF)
Ø Cumulative Environment Impact Assessment (CEIA) for vulnerable regions.
Ø India: Mega Biodiversity – 4 Bio Hot Spot
                                                             i.      Himalaya
a.     Alluvial grassland
b.     Subtropical
c.      Broad leaf forest
d.     Alpine meadow
                                                           ii.      NE of India (part of Indo-Burma hotspot)
a.     2 million km^2
                                                        iii.      Western Ghats – endemic assemblage of plant, reptile, amphibians
                                                        iv.      Andaman & Nicobar – island chain (allied to sunda land hotspots of SE asia)
Ø Biodiversity, Marine Environment and Wildlife
                   Biodiversity Act, 2002 and Biodiversity Act,2004 assigning adequate importance of community conservation and management of bio-resources for the benefit of all stakeholders.
6.     National Manufacturing plan
                   To increase manufacturing sector growth to 12-14% over the medium term to make it the engine of growth. It will enable it to contribute 25% of GDP by 2025.
To Provide
Sectors
Large Employment
Textile& Garment, Leather & Footwear, Gems & Jewelry, Food Processing Industries, Handloom
Technology Capabilities
Machine tools, IT Hardware & Electronics
Strategic Security
Telecom Equipment, Aerospace, Shipping, Defence Equipment
Energy Security
Solar Energy, Clean Coal Technology, Nuclear Power Generation
Infrastructure Growth
Heavy Electrical Equipment, Heavy transport, earth moving and mining equipment.
Competitive advantage
Automotive sector, pharmaceuticals and Medical equipment.

7.     Health Sector

FYP
11th (2007-12)
12th (2012-17)
Total Health Expenditure
1.8% of GDP
2.5% of GDP
Major Health issues
1.     AIDS control
2.     Cancer control
3.     Fluorosis
4.     Human Rabies control
5.     Leptospirosis
8.     Education & Skill Development
-         Early Childhood Care and Education (ECCE)
-         Monitoring and Evaluation mechanism of SSA & MDMS
-         Infrastructure for Education through MGNREGA
-         Adult Literacy with Sakshar Mission (Women /SC/ST)
9.     Social & Regional Equity
-         Backward Regions Grant Fund (BRGF)
-         Border Area Development Programme (BADP)
-         Hill Area Development Programme(HADP)
-         Kalahandi, Bolangir & Korapur (KBK)
-         Bihar Special Plan
-         Bundelkhand Special Package
-         Integrated Action Plan for Left wing Extremism
-         Speedy implementation of PESA
-      Speedy implementation of FRA